{"id":3023,"date":"2023-11-17T12:09:49","date_gmt":"2023-11-17T12:09:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/springerhealthcare.nl\/france\/?p=3023"},"modified":"2023-11-17T14:52:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T14:52:04","slug":"extreme-temperatures-can-threaten-heart-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/springerhealthplus.nl\/shmigrate\/extreme-temperatures-can-threaten-heart-health\/","title":{"rendered":"Extreme Temperatures Can Threaten Heart Health"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” content_placement=”middle” css=”.vc_custom_1663187695627{padding-bottom: 37px !important;background-image: url(http:\/\/springerhealthcare.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2022\/09\/science_connect_back.png?id=2486) !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: cover !important;}” el_class=”sciencetitle”][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Science Connect” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23ffffff” use_theme_fonts=”yes” link=”url:https%3A%2F%2Fspringerhealthcare.nl%2Ffrance%2Fscience-connect-november-2023%2F”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1663186747780{margin-bottom: 40px !important;}”]A Springer Healthcare Initiative For Pharma Professionals<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]NOVEMBER 2023
\n<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1538651642953{padding-top: 75px !important;}”][vc_column width=”3\/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1538657061395{border-right-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;border-right-color: #8faec1 !important;border-right-style: solid !important;}”][vc_custom_heading source=”post_title” font_container=”tag:h1|font_size:40px|text_align:left|line_height:60px” google_fonts=”font_family:Merriweather%3Aregular%2Citalic|font_style:700%20regular%3A700%3Anormal” el_class=”title” css=”.vc_custom_1664358136969{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1686833173052{padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”]Cardiologists forecast greater heart attack risks as winter and summer temperatures become more extreme<\/strong><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=”intro-box”]By JOCELYN SOLIS-MOREIRA<\/span>[\/vc_column_text]

\"extreme-temperatures-can-threaten-heart-health\" <\/div> <\/div>[vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1689357004274{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}” el_class=”sc-img-caption”] Credit: zf L\/Getty Images[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]

Have you ever heard that shoveling snow can cause a heart attack? There\u2019s actually some truth to that. The physical exertion of shoveling is certainly a factor, but even people who are used to yard work can be vulnerable: when temperatures hit exceptionally frigid lows, the heart can overwork itself by trying to prevent the body from freezing to death\u2014especially if a preexisting condition is already making the organ pump hard.<\/p>\n

A growing body of\u00a0research<\/a>\u00a0is clarifying the link between environmental temperature and heart health. And\u00a0cold weather is not the only concern<\/a>. Studies also show that outdoor heat of\u00a0108.9 degrees Fahrenheit<\/a>\u00a0triples the risk of cardiovascular death. With September 2023 clocking in as the\u00a0most anomalously hot month in recorded history<\/a>\u00a0and with global temperatures projected to\u00a0increase by 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees F) above preindustrial levels by the next decade<\/a>, heat is becoming a more common threat to heart health.<\/p>\n

\u201cKnowing what it does to our physiology, I\u2019m sure we will see an uptick in heart attacks with warmer weather,\u201d says\u00a0Jennifer Wong<\/a>, a cardiologist and medical director of noninvasive cardiology at MemorialCare Heart & Vascular Institute in California. She adds that health care centers may also start to see more people with symptoms that could lead to a heart attack, including chest pain, reduced blood flow and an increased heart workload.<\/p>\n

There is no way to control the weather, but you do have the power to shield your heart from the elements. Knowing more about the dangers is a good first step.<\/p>\n

HOW DOES COLD WEATHER IMPACT THE HEART?<\/h2>\n

The human body\u2019s core temperature typically ranges from\u00a097.5 to 98.9 degrees F<\/a>. When intense cold starts to bring this temperature down, the body responds by activating the sympathetic nervous system (which is perhaps best known for setting off a person\u2019s fight-or-flight response). This triggers certain mechanisms to preserve as much heat as possible. One such mechanism is vasoconstriction, which is when the muscles in blood vessel walls narrow to prevent heat loss, says cardiologist\u00a0Laxmi Mehta<\/a>\u00a0of the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. Blood, an essential component of thermoregulation, normally distributes heat all over the body; in extreme cold, the sympathetic nervous system reduces blood flow to the skin to preserve warmth in the body.<\/p>\n

Vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow keep a person warm, but they also increase blood pressure. Research presented at an American Heart Association conference earlier this year that has not yet been peer-reviewed showed that people were more likely to have\u00a0increases in systolic pressure<\/a>\u00a0(a blood pressure measurement\u2019s \u201ctop\u201d reading, which represents\u00a0the force pushing against the artery walls\u00a0<\/a>when the heart contracts) during winter, compared with summer. Elevated pressure forces the heart to work harder to circulate blood throughout the body.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis strain can increase one\u2019s heart rate and blood pressure, which can result in cardiac symptoms for some people and can even result in heart attacks,\u201d Mehta says. She warns that lower temperatures may also raise the risk of blood clots. This is because blood thickens when cold, potentially causing platelets to stick together in a clot\u2014which in turn increases the risk of heart attack or stroke.<\/p>\n

HEART RISK DURING THE HOLIDAY SEASON<\/h2>\n

The Northern Hemisphere\u2019s winter is a time for some of the biggest holidays of the year\u2014and also for an uptick in heart attacks. A 2018 study in\u00a0BMJ\u00a0<\/em>found people were\u00a0more likely to experience heart attacks on Christmas Eve<\/a>, compared with other celebratory events. Cold weather and the extra stress of planning for the holidays, along with traditional indulgence in salty and high-cholesterol meals, could make people forgo their usual heart-healthy diet and activities. These combined factors increase the risk of a heart attack.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople may eat out more, drink more alcohol, exercise less and sleep less,\u201d Mehta explains. \u201cAnd the excitement of spending time with family and friends may result in people ignoring symptoms, or they may try to postpone addressing symptoms until after the holidays.\u201d<\/p>\n

HOW HEAT HARMS HEART HEALTH<\/h2>\n

Heat, as well as cold, can threaten core temperature regulation. In response to extreme heat, the sympathetic nervous system increases blood flow to the skin. This, along with vasodilation, or the widening of the blood vessels, helps excess heat dissipate, says\u00a0Craig Crandall<\/a>, a professor of internal medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, who studies heat\u2019s effects on the cardiovascular system. But on a hot day, getting more blood to the body\u2019s surface makes the heart work overtime. The heart has to beat faster to circulate\u00a0two to four times more blood per minute<\/a>\u00a0than it would in more comfortable weather.<\/p>\n

\u201cYour heart has to work harder because it still needs to put blood into the rest of the body,\u201d Crandall explains. \u201cIn addition to that, it also needs to put more blood through the skin to help [the body] cool off.\u201d<\/p>\n

If a person continues to feel overheated, Crandall says, their brain will keep on signaling the heart to beat faster\u2014something that the heart cannot sustain indefinitely because a greater demand for blood flow means a greater need for oxygen. Thus, heat stress can overwork the heart muscle into an oxygen-starved state. \u201cThat could cause some adverse events, particularly in individuals with various forms of heart disease,\u201d Crandall says. People with clogged arteries, for example, already have trouble supplying their heart with oxygen and other nutrients. The added strain could put them at risk of a heart attack.<\/p>\n

HOW TO PROTECT YOUR HEART<\/h2>\n

During extreme weather, people who can do so should stay indoors and turn up the heat or air conditioner as needed. If you have to go outside, dress appropriately. For those with heart disease, Mehta recommends warming up before going outside in the cold. And if you are doing heavy work such as shoveling snow, take frequent breaks.<\/p>\n

Crandall urges people at high risk for heart disease to stay in cool indoor spaces (whether at home or in public) when possible during a heat wave, and he notes that thorough hydration helps the body expel excess heat by sweating.<\/p>\n

Finally, most cardiologists agree the best way to avoid weather-related heart attacks is to reduce your risk of heart problems in the first place. Understanding the stress of extreme temperatures on the body and taking appropriate safety measures in these situations is crucial, Wong says. But doing everything you can to prevent heart disease\u2014including exercising, maintaining a heart-healthy diet and taking medication\u2014is just as important.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]\u00a9 2023 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, A DIVISION OF SPRINGER NATURE AMERICA, INC.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

About the Author(s)<\/h3>\n

JOCELYN SOLIS-MOREIRA is a freelance journalist covering health and science. She is based in New York State.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/4″ css=”.vc_custom_1538657003956{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][vc_custom_heading text=”ISSUES” font_container=”tag:h3|font_size:12px|text_align:left|color:%23333333|line_height:18px” use_theme_fonts=”yes” el_class=”titlewidget”][vc_column_text el_class=”columnflex” css=”.vc_custom_1664404002021{margin-bottom: 40px !important;}”]

October 2023<\/a><\/p>\r\n

September 2023<\/a><\/p>\r\n

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